مفتوحہ جاگیروں پر ریاستی اختیار کا تحقیقی جائزہ: قرآن وسنت کی روشنی میں

A research review of state authority over conquered estates: in the Light of Qur ān & Sunn āh

Abstract

In Islamic tradition, the ownership and distribution of conquered land are based on the principles of justice, fairness, and the common good. Islam recognizes the right of individuals to prevent exploitation and ensure that the benefits of land ownership are shared by the wider society. One of the key principles of Islamic land ownership is that land is ultimately owned by Allah (God) and is held in trust by human beings as stewards or trustees. This means that individuals have a responsibility to use the land in a responsible and ethical manner, and to ensure that it benefits not only themselves but also their fellow human beings and the environment.  In terms of land distribution, Islamic teachings emphasize the importance of ensuring that everyone has access to the basic necessities of life, including food, shelter, and water. This means that land should be distributed in a way that promotes the common good and ensures that everyone has a fair opportunity to benefit from its resources.  Overall, Islamic teachings promote a balanced and responsible approach to land ownership and distribution that emphasizes justice, fairness and the common good. Regarding the conquest of lands, Islamic tradition recognizes the right of a legitimate Muslim ruler to defend and expand the territory under his rule through just means. Islam also emphasizes the importance of respecting the rights of non-Muslims living under Muslim rule, which includes protecting their property and lives.  Additionally, Islamic teachings emphasize the importance of justice and fairness in dealing with others, regardless of their religion or ethnicity. Therefore, any conquest or expansion of territory must be done in a just and fair manner, with respect for the rights of all people affected by the conquest.  It’s important to note that Islamic teachings regarding the conquest of lands are nuanced and complex and interpretations may vary among different scholars and schools of thought. However, the basic principles of justice, fairness, and respect for the rights of others are central to Islamic teaching regarding the acquisition and control of territories.