عناية الإمام الشاه ولي الله الدهلوي بالعرف في استخلاص الفقه من الأحاديث النبوية (دراسة تحليلية من خلال كتابه "المصفىٰ" شرح الموطأ للإمام مالك بن أنس)

Consideration of Urf in the inference from Hadith according to Imam Shah Wali Allah Dehlavi (An analytical study through his book Al- Musaffa explanation of Al- Muwatta by Imam Malik bin Anas)

Abstract

To understand the meanings and concepts of the Qur'an and Sunnah, many things are required including Arabic etymology and grammar, syntax and morphology, rhetoric, lexicography, the context of the word, and the principles prescribed by narrators and jurists. With the help of these sources it is easy to determine the true meaning of the Qur'an and Hadith, and erroneous interpretations can be avoided. Apart from these, an important and basic thing is the “Urf”, an Arabic term referring to the custom or knowledge of given society, which helps in understanding the meanings of the Qur'an and Sunnah. This status of the “Urf” has been acknowledged by the Qur'an and Sunnah itself. Hence Allama Ibn Abideen Shami has quoted that “Urf” has been quoted in Shariah, therefore sometimes Shariah rules are derived by “Urf”.

Imam Shah Wali Ullah (may Allah have mercy on him) has also considered the “Urf” in determining the meanings of the Hadith, and on various occasions has made it clear that because of the “Urf”, this meaning has been derived from the Hadith and the Verse at this point. This article gives a brief introduction to Shah Wali Ullah and his book Al-Musaffa, followed by a description of the literal meaning of the “Urf”, its types and role in determining the meaning of the Qur'an and Hadith. In addition, Shah Sahib's point of  view about the said book been discussed and many examples have been given from this book where Shah Wali Ullah has defined the meaning of the words of Qur'an and Sunnah in terms of “Urf”,. In the end, the results and recommendations of the research are presented.